新视野第三册第九单元
Unit 9
Section A Premarital Agreements
1. Pre-reading
1. 1 Background information
Premarital agreements：Premarital agreements or prenuptial agreements are binding legal contracts between two people who intend to marry each other.
Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis : Born on July 28, 1929, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy was first lady of the
1. 2 Topic-related video
1. 3 Topic-related discussion
2. While-reading
2. 1 Global reading
1)Main idea of the text
The essay focuses on one social phenomenon: prenups or premarital agreements.The author gives the reader a detailed exposition of what prenups are, who needs prenups, what points to be taken care of before signing prenups, and how people evaluate prenups.
2) Text structure analysis
Part One (Paras. 1-4)A general introduction of prenups: What are prenups and how they are forged?
1 .Prenups are designed to address the problems of the division of financial assets as they arise.
2.Prenups are negotiated by lawyers for the prospective spouses, and signed by the prospective spouses before a marriage ceremony.
Part Two (Paras5-8.)This part is about who needs prenups.
1.Prenups for those who will be involved in great economic consequences in a divorce and those who want to remarry.
2. Prenups for those who have accumulated considerable wealth, have already been stung once, and want to reduce their exposure to future problems.
3 Prenups for those who want to shield assets to be passed onto children and grandchildren.
4. Prenups for those who has ,or in line for. great inherited wealth or a family business, especially if the future partner has little or nothing at all.
Part Three (Paras.9 -14) This part deals with what points should be taken care of when one goes into a premarital agreement.
For example:
1 Proper guidelines are necessary.
3.Do not use the same lawyer as your future spouse does.
4.Do not sign a prenuptial agreement under pressure.
5.Watch out that a dispute of carrying out prenups could happen if a couple decides to divorce
while living abroad with different passports.
6.An understanding of the nature of prenups are business agreements.
Part four ( Para15-16)This part is about possible evaluations of prenups.
1 Prepnups sometimes may help save a couple from a terrible marriage.
2.Prepnups sometimes prove to be of no use to some happy marriage.
2. 2 Detail reading（小四，斜体）
1）verify (L.3)
All teachers shall be given a standard competence test 证明他们不落后于所教课程和现代化教学手段。________________________. to verify they are up-to-date with subjects and modern teaching methods.(
2) clause (L.5)
合同中有一项条款说公司可以因为经济的原因解雇人员。There is a clause in the contract which says the company can fire people for economic reasons. （n. a particular part of a written legal document）
附加条款 an additional clause
从句可以由“that”和“ which”来引导。A clause can be introduced with "that " or "which". （n. 从句）
名词从句 a noun clause
定语从句an attributive clause
3）bind (L.11)
她原以为有了孩子就可以把他永远栓住。She thought that having his child would bind him to her forever. (
他们把囚犯的双手捆在后面。They bound the prisoner's hands behind his back..( vt.tie tightly)
协议规定她必须在六个月内还清全部债务。The agreement binds her to repay the debt in full within six months.(
4) division (L.12)
这种把世界分为发达国家和不发达国家的方式太过简单了。This division of the world into the developed and underdeveloped nations is too simple. (n. dividing or being divided)
事实上，在运动领导人中间存在着分歧。In fact, there is a division of opinion among the leaders of the movement. (n. disagreement between the members of a group)
她曾经在公司的出口部工作。She once worked in the foreign division of the company.( n. one of the parts or groups in which a whole is divided)
5）make/hit the headlines(L.16)
足球队的到来成为当地报纸的头版头条。 The arrival of the football team hit the headlines in the local press. ( become important news)
电脑犯罪在1983 年首次引人注目。"Computer crime" first made the headlines in 1983.
6) contest (L.18)
我们当然要反对任何对我们产品安全性不利的说法。We will certainly contest any claims made against the safety of our products. (
She stands a good chance因为只有两个人角逐该席位。________________. since only two people are contesting the seat. (
她在国际比赛中获得一块金牌。She won a gold medal in an international contest. (n. a competition, usu. In which prizes are given)
那时在公司里为一个高级管理工作进行了一场争夺。There's a contest for a top management job in the company at the moment.( n. a struggle or fight to gain control or advantage) (n. a struggle or fight to gain control or advantage)
7）sting (L26)
她早年因着装而遭攻击，很是苦恼。In the early days she had been stung by criticism of the way she dressed.(v. provoke sb. by making him or her angry, painful)
.愤怒的泪水刺痛了他的双眼，他的心往下沉，他的失望无法用言语表达。Tears of outrage stung his eyes and his heart sank; his disappointment was beyond words.( wound with a sharp pain; feel a sharp pain )
蜜蜂蜇了一口 a bee sting (n. a sharp pain)
他的声音里透着讽刺。There was a sting of sarcasm in his voice.
8) exposure(L.26)
受到微量的辐射也很可能会致癌及加速老化。Cancer and accelerated aging can be caused by exposure to low level of radiation.( n. exposing or being exposed; an instance of this)
温故知新：
By the next day the exposed parts of his body had turned a chocolate brown.(Book 2-Unit 10 B)
9) shield(L32)
让我为你挡风。Let me shield from the wind. (
Nevertheless, the vastly expanded social contacts 使村民们的生活不再封闭。_______________.removed a shield of isolation from village.( n. sth. that is used as, or provides, protection)
词语辨析：
This is the nurse who _____to me when I was ill in hospital.
A) accompanied B) attended C) entertained D) shielded (key: B)
10) in line for (L.35)
她是一名优秀的雇员，很有可能获得提升。She is an excellent employed and is in line for promotion.(likely to get or do sth)
玛丽是有可能进入该社团的第四号人选。Mary is fourth in line to be admitted to the society.
11) enforce (L.38)
有条例规定禁止乱倒垃圾却很少执行。There is a law against dropping litter but it is rarely enforced. (
It manipulates the environment, 并且能够将道德义务强加于那些容易忽视它们的人________.and it is able to enforce moral duties on those who are inclined to disregard them.(
12) consultant(L.40)
她为一家公共关系咨询公司工作。She works for a firm of public relations consultants.(n. a person who gives expert advice)
温故知新：
The difference is that Western style decision-making proceeds mostly from top management and often does not consult middle management or the worker while in Japan, ideas can be created at the lowest levels, travel upward through an organization and have an impact on the eventual decision.(L.27 Book 3 Unit 3-B)
13) cite (L.46)
他引用的数据不是误导性的，就是不相关的______________The data he cites are misleading or irrelevant and his line of argument is contradictory.
那位士兵因为勇敢而受到嘉奖。The soldier was cited for bravery.
14) delete (L.50)
文章写完后你可以再回来删改任何文字。After you’ve finished you can go back and delete or change any words you want.(
词语辨析：
They ______out the most violent scenes when they showed the film on the television.
A) deleted B) altered C) edited D)omitted (Key: C)
15) forge (L.51)
那个铁匠打造耕犁的技术很高。The smith forged the plow with great skill. (
他在支票上伪造他哥哥的签名拿到了钱。He got the money by forging his brother's signature on a cheque .( make an illegal copy of sth .in order to cheat)
16）dispute (L.52)
过去三天中他们一直在努力解决有关经济政策的争议。They've been trying to settle the dispute over working conditions for the last three days. (n. an argument or disagreement )
这两个国家几年来都为了那块土地争论不休。The two countries have disputed over that stretch of land for years.(v. argue(about sth.),esp, angrily and for a long time)
很少有人质疑他作为一名杰出艺术家的地位。Few would dispute his status as one of the finest artist.(v. disagree about or question the truth or correctness of )
17 )bearing (L.65)
你的话跟这个问题没有多大关系。Your remark didn't have any bearing on what happened. (n. relation or influence )
她有一种骄傲的，与众不同的举止。She had a proud, distinguished bearing.(n.a way of standing, walking, etc)
他们在海图上记下所处的方位。They plotted their bearings on the chart.(n. a direction or angle as shown by a compass)
词语搭配：
have no bearing on: 与… 无关
18) lay bare (L.69)
委员会的报告揭露了大范围的腐败。The committee’s report lays bare corruption on a massive scale.
19)shed (L.69)
在女儿的婚礼上她掉了几滴泪。She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding. (v. produce(esp. tears, light or blood)
昨天公司宣布在未来的几个月要消减900个职位。The company yesterday announced that 900 jobs will be shed over the next few months.(v.get rid of )
有些蛇每年脱一次皮。Some snakes shed their skin every year.(v.脱皮，脱叶，脱发)
花园小棚 a garden shed (n.棚，小屋)
自行车棚 a bicycle shed
词语搭配：
shed /throw/ cast light on （使）更容易理解
1） Typical patterns for the exposition of sth. / sb.
原句: A typical candidate for a prenuptial agreement is a man who has accumulated considerable wealth, has already been stung once, and wants to reduce his exposure to future problems. (L. 25)
典型的欲签定婚前协议的人是那些积存了大量财富的男性，他们曾吃过苦头，因而想减少自己日后的麻烦。
提炼：A typical / ideal candidate for sth. is one who…某事的典型／理想的候选人是??????人。
应用：教师岗位的理想人选是能够学生以朋友相待并且激发他们学习兴趣的人。
An ideal candidate for the position of teaching is one who can treat his student as friends and arouse their interest in study.
1) A typical candidate for a prenuptial agreement is a man who has accumulated considerable wealth, has already been stung once, and wants to reduce his exposure to future problems. (L. 25)
解析：这是一个多重复合句。主句是一个系表结构的句子，表语中含有一个定语从句。
A typical candidate for….. is a man who………………
2) The effort to shield assets to be passed on to children and grandchildren is making prenups more common among retired people in their 60s who are remarrying after a spouse has died.(L.31)
解析：这是一个多重复合句。主句是一个系表结构的句子，主语中含有一个用作定语的不定式，表语中含有一个定语从句。
The effort……is making……common among……people who……..
3. Post-reading
3. 1 Useful expressions
1） 坚决要求 insist on
2） 成为头条新闻 make/hit the headlines
3） 很可能得到 be in line for
4） 要求 call for
5） 在压力下 under pressure
6） 开始讨论；着手处理 enter into sth
7） 与…无关 have no bearing on
8） 揭示 lay bare
9） （使）更容易理解 shed/ throw/ cast light on
10） 结束，告终 end up
11） 就在…..面前 under sb’s nose
12) 附加条款 an additional clause
3. 2 Summary writing
Prenuptial agreements, or prenups are designed to address (1) financial
problems as they arise in a marriage. They are negotiated by lawyers for the prospective spouses, and signed before a minister binds them in marriage. A typical (2) candidate for a prenuptial agreement is a man who has accumulated (3)considerable wealth, has already been stung once, and wants to reduce his (4)exposure to future problems. Retired people in their 60s and 70s who are remarrying after a spouse has died need prenups as well in order to (5)shield assets to be passed on to children and grandchildren. Another situation that calls for premarital agreements occurs when a potential spouse has, or is in(6) line for, great inherited wealth or a family business, especially if the future partner has little or nothing at all. Of course, there are some notable problems (7)regarding such an agreement. First, one should not use the (8)same lawyer as his/her future spouse does. Second, one should avoid a prenuptial agreement signed under(9) pressure. Last but not least, one should take into(10) consideration the situation in which a couple decides to divorce while living abroad, or when they have different passports; because what (11) matters is the law of the country where the couple is getting divorced. The discussions for a prenuptial agreement sometimes do save a couple from a terrible marriage; whereas, romantic love has no (12) bearing on this process.
Key: 1. financial 2. candidate 3.considerable 4. exposure 5. shield 6.line
7. regarding 8. same 9. pressure 10. consideration 11. matters 12. bearing
3.3 Composition:
The Advantages of Hunting for Jobs on Internet网上求职的好处
1 由于网上的高速快捷越来越多的人在网上求职
2网上求职的好处
3 你的看法
［参考范文］
Recently there’s been a wave of hunting for jobs on internet. Instead of looking for a job in a personnel market or in the ads of newspapers and magazines, a job hunter tends to look for a job on the Net. Because of its convenience and high success rate and more opportunities on the Internet, In fact, many people now resort to the way of hunting for jobs, less depending upon the traditional way.
There are many advantages that people take the advantage of this modern scientific and technological product―Internet. In the first place, it’s very convenient. A job seeker can look for a job without bothering to get recommendation form his friends, bosses, or wasting time at an employment exchange. In the second place, it’s quite simple. A job hunter can get a job by simply clicking the ads online and sending one’s resume through an E-mail. Lastly, it’s fair, for everyone can utilize this modern means to win his or her opportunities, even if one fails to find a job.
In a word ,I suppose, with the ever-increasing popularity of Internet, this new way of hunting for jobs will win favor among more and more job hunters in
3. 4Assignments
1) Finish all the exercises related to Section A of Unit9.
2) Preview Section B, including reading skills, the passage and the related exercises.
3) Oral exercise: paragraph recitation
Section B Is the Traditional Family Structure at Risk ?
1. Reading skill
1. 1 Types of Reading Comprehension Questions
Generally speaking, reading comprehension questions, if well designed and properly used, are not only effective in checking out how well a student understands a text, but can also lead the student to a better understanding of the text as a whole.
Reading comprehension questions generally fall into the following six types:
1. Main idea questions;
2. Specific detail questions;
3. Guessing unknown word (or expression) questions;
4. Inference questions;
5. Logic structure questions;
6. Attitude or tone questions.
Here are some questions based on Passage A. Try to answer them and then decide what types of comprehension questions they belong to.
1. 2 Examples
Example 1
1. In the sentence “A woman insisted on verifying who would walk the dog.” (Para. 1), the word verifying means _____.
A. making sure B. making changes
C. correcting D. declaring
The choice is A: guessing unknown word question.
Example 2
2. _____, prenuptial agreements have become more and more popular in the
A. Since the early 1960s B. Since the 1970s
C. Since the early 1980s D. Since the 1990s
The choice is C: specific detail question.
Example 3
3. Which of the following is NOT a reason for prenuptial agreements?
A. Ensuring a fair division when divorce occurs.
B. Protecting one’s personal wealth.
C. Protecting children from a previous marriage.
D. Winning more money in a lawsuit.
The choice is D: inference question.
Example 4
4. If you want a prenuptial agreement to be effective, then you have to _____.
A. follow proper guidelines
B. ask a lawyer to write it
C. read it before you sign it
D. know what countries you and your future partner are living in
The choice is A: logic structure question.
Example 5
5. Which of the following statements summarizes the main idea of the text?
A. Prenuptial agreements are popular among wealthy people.
B. Prenuptial agreements are popular among famous people.
C. Discussions for a prenuptial agreement save a couple from a terrible marriage.
D. One needs to pay close attention both to marriage and to prenuptial agreements
The choice is D: main idea question.
Example 6
6. On the whole, the attitude of the author towards prenuptial agreements is _____.
A. critical B. ironical
C. positive D. negative
The choice is C: Attitude or tone questions.
1. 3 Text reading（小四，斜体）
1) undergo (L.2)
当他知道自己要接受一个危险的心脏手术时，感到十分恐惧。He was frightened when he realized he would have to undergo a dangerous heart operation. (
妻子去世后，他的人生观有了巨大的转变。Since the death of his wife he has undergone a profound change in his outlook on life.
2) conclude (L.3)
从他的外表我们完全可以判定他烟瘾很大。From his appearance, we may safely conclude that he is a heavy smoker. （v. come to believe sth. as a result of reasoning）
她以提醒我们要尽我们的责任来结束讲话。She concluded the speech by reminding us of our responsibility. (v. come or bring to an end)
3) dissolve (L.14)
他们决定结束商业合作伙伴的关系。They decided to dissolve their business partnership. (v. (cause to) come to an end)
He was given special medication 来分解肾脏里的结石。_____________to dissolve the stone in his kidney.( v. be absorbed by a liquid)
4) overtake(L.23)
因为原计划遇到了突发事件，我们不得不重新制定计划。Our original plan was overtaken by events and we had to make a new one. (v. (of sth. unpleasant) reach suddenly and unexpectedly)
超车前一定要确保前方路段没有车。Before you start to overtake, make sure the road is clear ahead of you.( v. go beyond by being a greater amount or degree; come from behind and pass)
5) in particular (L.28)
特别是母亲们，她们与孩子有一种强烈的纽带关系。Mothers, in particular, feel a strong bond with their children.(especially)
我特别注意到他的眼睛，因为他的眼睛很大。I noticed his eyes in particular, because they were very large.(special or specific)
6) tend to(L.30)
在干旱的季节，动物们往往会集中在有水的地区。In the dry season, the animals tend to concentrate in the areas where there is water.( be likely to do sth )
科学家们往往会在耗子身上做试验_____________Scientists tend to make experiments with rats before they apply their findings to humans.
7) maintain(L.36)
他们挣得钱不够养活自己和四个孩子。They barely earn enough to maintain themselves and their four children. (
尽管生活在不同的国家，这两个家庭还保持着密切的联系。Despite living in different countries, the two families have maintained close links. （v. continue to have; keep in existence）
8) contribute (L.37)
他觉得他要为给予他这么多的社区贡献点什么。He felt he wanted to contribute something to the community that had given so much to him. （v. give one’s share of ）
这项新政策极大地促进了这个国家的商业发展。The new policy contributed greatly to the commercial growth of the country.（v. play a part in contribute）
他经常给《新科学家》杂志投稿。He contributes regularly to the magazine New Scientist.(v. write for a newspaper, magazine)
温故知新：
And we are better for our understanding of these other contributions -- be they scientific or artistic.（L.46 Unit8-A, Book Two）
9) optional (L.45)
She was a popular and conscientious teacher,她开的有关女性作品方面的选修课很受学生的欢迎。______________. whose optional courses on women's writing were very popular among the students.(a. that may be chosen or not chosen, as one wishes)
新成员不一定非得参加这个会议。Attendance at the meeting is optional for new members.
词组辨析：
He had so manipulated the situation that if she wanted to do what she could for the twins she had no _________but to agree to his terms.
A) option B) alternative C)selection D) opinion (key: B)
10) to the point (L.45)
我已经到了再也无法忍受她的争辩的地步。I have come to the point where I can’t stand her arguing any longer.(to a degree)
11)casual (L.50)
尽管她快要流泪，她还是尽量让自己的声音听起来不经意。Although close to tears, she tried to make her voice sound casual. (a. showing little concern)
对一些人来说，便服就是T 恤和牛仔裤。For some people casual clothes mean a T-shirt and old jeans. (a. not formal or not suitable for special occasions)
在大学的假期里她有几份零工要打。She had a number of casual jobs during the university holidays.
12)scrape (L.54)
.在农村地区人们由于种田还勉强能过，______________In the rural areas, people could scrape by, thanks to what they grew themselves, but, in the towns, the queues for food and fuel were endless.(v. live , keep a business, etc, with no more than the necessary money)
树枝刮擦着窗户。The branches scrape against the window. (v. remove by using a sharp edge; rub against)
汤匙刮金属锅的声音the scrape of a spoon on a metal pan (n. the act or sound of scraping)
他暴怒的脾气总是给他带来麻烦。His violent temper always got him into scrapes. (n. a difficult situation that was caused by one’s own foolish behavior)
词语搭配：
scrape by : 勉强维生
13) urgent (L.56)
最紧急的事情是要确保每个人都离开大楼。The most urgent thing is to make sure everyone is out of the building.
词组辨析：
The ______need for transport as industry develops can produce some strange solutions
A)emergent B) urgent C) efficient D) sufficient (key: B)
14) trim (L62)
我的祖父又在镜子前修剪他的胡子。My grandfather would spend hours in front of the mirror trimming his beard.( vt . make sth. neater, smaller, better, etc., by cutting parts from it)
他们预计要裁员10%。They are expected to trim the workforce by 10%.(
2. Revision
2. 1 Multiple choice
1). These figures are surprisingly high and they'll have to be_______.
A) obtain B) maintain
C) display D) verify
2). The _______with the most votes will be elected whether he or she wins more than half the votes or not.
A) sponsor B) candidate
C) advocate D) opponent
3). That wealthy lady repeated demand on a premarital agreement greatly _______her future husband's pride and ended up in his refusal to get married.
A) scratched B) bitten
C) stuck D) stung
4). Her skin was dry after _______to the wind during the trip.
A) exposure B) extension
C) exhibition D) expansion
5). She held her hand above her eyes to ______them from the sun.
A) avoid B) shade
C) shield D) conceal
6). The company hired a ______to develop a new computer system.
A) guide B) cashier
C) consultant D) assessor
7). They returned her cheque because she hadn't put her ______on it.
A) signal B) symbol
C) sign D) signature
8). The lawyer ______a previous case to support his argument.
A) referred B) recruited
C) cited D) imported
9). Students have ______greater numbers of women and minorities on the faculty.
A) calls on B) calls for
C) calls up D) calls off
10). Hoping that he might be able to______ some light on the problem, I asked Mario to look at the engine.
A) pitch B) project
C) shed D) shade
11).What he said had some ______on our decision to move to another area of town.
A) connection B) association
C) bearing D) reference
12). There's some dispute over who actually wrote the play - nobody seems to know for sure.
A) debate B) dispute
C) argument D) quarrel
13). She doesn't usually shout; she must be under______.
A) possibility B) control
C) influence D) pressure
14). He got the money by ______his brother's signature on a cheque.
A) forging B) forming
C) framing D) formatting
15) It manipulates the environment, and it is able to _______moral duties on those who are inclined to disregard them..
A) compel B) compress
C) enforce D) reinforce
16) After the September 11 event, the
A) overtook B) undertook
C) underwent D) withstood
17）. She walked into the room with no more than a ______glance at the children standing outside.
A) relaxed B) casual
C) indifferent D) flexible
18)The discussion is more neutral only in so far as it is assumed that the teaching
curriculum is no-one's responsibility_______.
A) in brief B) in sequence
C) in short D) in particular
19) The fall in the cost of living is directly ______to the drop in the oil price.
A) related B) dependent
C) based D) associated
20). Before you start to_______, make sure the road is clear ahead of you.
A) overtake B) overturn
C) overrun D) overcome
21). She was a popular and conscientious teacher, whose ______courses on women's writing were very popular among the students.
A)appropriate B) suitable
C) alternative D) optional
22) The most ______thing is to make sure everyone is out of the building.
A) tough B) urgent
C) tense D) instant
23). The damage to ecology structure will ______the flood, pollution and other environmental problems.
A) bring on B) bring out
C) bring about D) bring up
24). Subtract your expenses from your income and you can see at a glance how much income is left to spend.
A) contribute B) attribute
C) subtract D) contract
25) Frequently couples at their golden wedding celebration will say something to the effect of 'we made it a ______never to go to bed angry'..
A) sense B) meaning
C) focus D) point
Key:1-5 D B D A C 6
1
21-25 D B C C D
2. 2 Error correction
1) American will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it was before the west was settled.(Key: as it did)
2)I don’t think the arrogant young man appreciates to be advised.(Key: being)
3) The traditional
4)The songs of Bob Dylan are very popular among young people, who regard him as more superior to other musicians.(Key: as superior to)
5)Scientists have recently argued that Einstein’s contribution to physics and mathematics are important as
2. 3 Text extension
Discussion:
Would you ask for a penuptial agreement before your marriage? Why or why not?
3. Assignments
1 Finish all the exercises of section B
2 Preview Unit 9Section A
3. Look for some information about Bermuda Triangle